Who Was Joseph Smith?
The early life of Joseph Eugene Smith is a complete mystery. Joseph’s son Morton and Morton’s daughter Karen have researched Joseph for over 20 years, yet they still don’t know who

Who Am I? What is My Name? – Part VII – Gertrude’s Other Children?
Holocaust research requires a lot of patience. It can take years for a new development to occur. Sometimes it is the result of hard work, and other times, a product

Who Am I? What is My Name? Part VI – Our Search for Gertrude Spiro
Gertrude Spiro must have been well-connected. She was the proprietor of a liquor and cigarette shop at 2 Nowiniarksa St. in Warsaw in 1941-1942. The shop undoubtedly generated a lot

Who Am I? What is My Name? Part V – Gertrude and Sonia’s Escape
Gertrude & Sonia Preiss-Spiro’s names are listed on the transport to Auschwitz of 141 women from Pawiak Prison in Warsaw on 24 August 1943. Pawiak prison was originally used by

Who Am I? What is My Name? Part IV – Wolfgang and Adele’s Eyewitness Account
Charlotte Schössow Rebhun was the oldest of four children of Emil and Margarete Schössow from Berlin. Charlotte, like her friend Gertrude Spiro, was a Christian woman who had married a Jew. Charlotte’s husband

Who Am I, What is My Name? Part III – Gertrude and Sonia Spyra
A mystery within the mystery of Pnina’s identity is the fate of Gertrude Spyra and her daughter Sonia. As the parties responsible for smuggling Pnina from the Warsaw Ghetto, Gertrude